Trac Macros

Trac macros are plugins to extend the Trac engine with custom 'functions' written in Python. A macro inserts dynamic HTML data in any context supporting WikiFormatting.

Another kind of macros are WikiProcessors. They typically deal with alternate markup formats and representation of larger blocks of information (like source code highlighting).

Using Macros

Macro calls are enclosed in two square brackets. Like Python functions, macros can also have arguments, a comma separated list within parentheses.

Trac macros can also be written as TracPlugins. This gives them some capabilities that macros do not have, such as being able to directly access the HTTP request.

Example

A list of 3 most recently changed wiki pages starting with 'Trac':

 [[RecentChanges(Trac,3)]]

Display:

Mar 25, 2015

• TracSearch (diff)
• TracAdmin (diff)
• TracBackup (diff)

Available Macros

Note that the following list will only contain the macro documentation if you've not enabled -OO optimizations, or not set the PythonOptimize option for mod_python.

[[BlogList]]

A macro to display list of posts and extracts outside (or inside) the Blog module - most commonly Wiki pages.

All arguments are optional:

[[BlogList]]

Available named arguments:

• recent= - max. number of posts
• category= - a category
• author= - an author
• period= - time period of the format YYYY/MM
• heading= - a heading for the list
• format= - type of display (see below for details)
• max_size= - max. number of characters to render for each post
• meta= - use =off to hide date, author and categories (default 'on')

Example showing some available named arguments:

[[BlogList(recent=5, max_size=250, period=2007/12, author=osimons, format=float, heading=Some Trac Posts)]]

The arguments for criteria are 'AND'-based, so the above example will render at most 5 posts by 'osimons' in December 2007.

There is no heading unless specified.

Without restriction on recent number of posts, it will use the number currently active in the Blog module as default for 'float' and 'full' rendering, but for rendering of 'inline' list it will render all found as default unless restricted. Additionally for 'float' and 'full' it will truncate content if it is larger than a max_size (if set).

The format= keyword argument supports rendering these formats:

format=inline	Renders an unordered list in the normal text flow (default).
format=float	A floating box out on the side of the page with slightly more detail.
format=full	Full rendering like on period, category and author listings inside blog.

The arguments can appear in any order.

Posts are rendered sorted by newest first for all modes.

[[DownloadsCount]]

Aliases: [[ListDownloads]]

[[Image]]

Embed an image in wiki-formatted text.

The first argument is the file specification. The file specification may reference attachments in three ways:

• module:id:file, where module can be either wiki or ticket, to refer to the attachment named file of the specified wiki page or ticket.
• id:file: same as above, but id is either a ticket shorthand or a Wiki page name.
• file to refer to a local attachment named 'file'. This only works from within that wiki page or a ticket.

Also, the file specification may refer to repository files, using the source:file syntax (source:file@rev works also).

Files can also be accessed with a direct URLs; /file for a project-relative, //file for a server-relative, or http://server/file for absolute location of the file. The ​rfc2397 data URL scheme is also supported if the URL is enclosed in quotes.

The remaining arguments are optional and allow configuring the attributes and style of the rendered <img> element:

• digits and unit are interpreted as the size (ex. 120px, 25%) for the image
• right, left, center, top, bottom and middle are interpreted as the alignment for the image (alternatively, the first three can be specified using align=... and the last three using valign=...)
• link=some TracLinks... replaces the link to the image source by the one specified using a TracLinks. If no value is specified, the link is simply removed.
• inline specifies that the content generated be an inline XHTML element. By default, inline content is not generated, therefore images won't be rendered in section headings and other one-line content.
• nolink means without link to image source (deprecated, use link=)
• key=value style are interpreted as HTML attributes or CSS style indications for the image. Valid keys are:
  • align, valign, border, width, height, alt, title, longdesc, class, margin, margin-(left,right,top,bottom), id and usemap
  • border, margin, and margin-* can only be a single number (units are pixels).
  • margin is superseded by center which uses auto margins

Examples:

[[Image(photo.jpg)]]               # simplest
[[Image(photo.jpg, 120px)]]        # with image width size
[[Image(photo.jpg, right)]]        # aligned by keyword
[[Image(photo.jpg, nolink)]]       # without link to source
[[Image(photo.jpg, align=right)]]  # aligned by attribute

You can use an image from a wiki page, ticket or other module.

[[Image(OtherPage:foo.bmp)]]    # from a wiki page
[[Image(base/sub:bar.bmp)]]     # from hierarchical wiki page
[[Image(#3:baz.bmp)]]           # from another ticket
[[Image(ticket:36:boo.jpg)]]    # from another ticket (long form)
[[Image(source:/img/bee.jpg)]]  # from the repository
[[Image(htdocs:foo/bar.png)]]   # from project htdocs dir
[[Image(shared:foo/bar.png)]]   # from shared htdocs dir (since 1.0.2)

Adapted from the Image.py macro created by Shun-ichi Goto <gotoh@…>

[[InterTrac]]

Provide a list of known InterTrac prefixes.

[[InterWiki]]

Provide a description list for the known InterWiki prefixes.

[[KnownMimeTypes]]

List all known mime-types which can be used as WikiProcessors.

Can be given an optional argument which is interpreted as mime-type filter.

[[ListTagged]]

List tagged resources.

Usage:

[[ListTagged(<query>[,exclude=<list>],[[format=<format>],cols=<columns>])]]

format

result list presentation; supported values:

compact	comma-separated inline list of "linked-description"
oldlist (default)	" * linked-id description (tags)" list
table	table... (see corresponding column option too)
short or other value	bulleted list of "linked-description"

cols

columns for 'table' format using a "|"-separated list of column names (order matters); supported columns: realm, id, description, tags

exclude

exclude tagged resources that match a name in the colon-separated list of resource ids, accepts shell-style patterns

See tags documentation for the query syntax.

[[MacroList]]

Display a list of all installed Wiki macros, including documentation if available.

Optionally, the name of a specific macro can be provided as an argument. In that case, only the documentation for that macro will be rendered.

Note that this macro will not be able to display the documentation of macros if the PythonOptimize option is enabled for mod_python!

[[PageOutline]]

Display a structural outline of the current wiki page, each item in the outline being a link to the corresponding heading.

This macro accepts four optional parameters:

• The first is a number or range that allows configuring the minimum and maximum level of headings that should be included in the outline. For example, specifying "1" here will result in only the top-level headings being included in the outline. Specifying "2-3" will make the outline include all headings of level 2 and 3, as a nested list. The default is to include all heading levels.
• The second parameter can be used to specify a custom title (the default is no title).
• The third parameter selects the style of the outline. This can be either inline or pullout (the latter being the default). The inline style renders the outline as normal part of the content, while pullout causes the outline to be rendered in a box that is by default floated to the right side of the other content.
• The fourth parameter specifies whether the outline is numbered or not. It can be either numbered or unnumbered (the former being the default). This parameter only has an effect in inline style.

[[PdfImg]]

Insert PDFs or vector graphics like SVGs as PNG-images into a wikipage or ticket.

Requires convert from ​ImageMagick, convert may fail on specific files.

The handling and the parameters are inspired by LaTeX includegraphics and the trac ImageMacro.

Examples:

[[PdfImg(Book.pdf,width=400,page=100,caption="Page 100 from Book Example")]]
[[PdfImg(source:testpro/drawing.svg@10,width=600,caption="SVG-image from repository in version 10")]]
[[PdfImg(ticket:1:file.pdf)]]

Possible trac links for resource: The Location of the file can be an attachment (wikipage, ticket, svn) or a local file (keyword "file:").

trac link	alternatives	comment
wiki	JustPageName	Attachment in wikipage
ticket	!#1
source	browser,repos
file		need configuration file.prepath

Parameters:

Parameter	Value	default
pdffile	location of PDF-file		required
page	Page to display	1	starting with 1
width	width in pixel	600	must be absolute value
caption	Caption under Image	none
label	anchor to link to
cache	build once or each time	True	time consumption or changing vectorgraphics
align	left|right	nothing

[[ProjectStats]]

Wiki macro listing some generic Trac statistics.

This macro accepts a comma-separated list of keyed parameters, in the form "key=value". Valid keys:

• wiki -- statistics for TracWiki, values:
  • count -- show wiki page count
• prefix -- use with wiki key: only names that start with that prefix are included

'count' is also recognized without prepended key name.

[[RecentChanges]]

List all pages that have recently been modified, ordered by the time they were last modified.

This macro accepts two ordered arguments and a named argument. The named argument can be placed in any position within the argument list.

The first parameter is a prefix string: if provided, only pages with names that start with the prefix are included in the resulting list. If this parameter is omitted, all pages are included in the list.

The second parameter is the maximum number of pages to include in the list.

The group parameter determines how the list is presented:

group=date

The pages are presented in bulleted lists that are grouped by date (default).

group=none

The pages are presented in a single bulleted list.

Tip: if you only want to specify a maximum number of entries and don't want to filter by prefix, specify an empty first parameter, e.g. [[RecentChanges(,10,group=none)]].

[[TagCloud]]

Display a tag cloud.

Show a tag cloud for all tags on resources matching query.

Usage:

[[TagCloud(<query>[,caseless_sort=<bool>][,mincount=<n>])]]

caseless_sort

Whether the tag cloud should be sorted case-sensitive.

mincount

Optional integer threshold to hide tags with smaller count.

See tags documentation for the query syntax.

[[TitleIndex]]

Insert an alphabetic list of all wiki pages into the output.

Accepts a prefix string as parameter: if provided, only pages with names that start with the prefix are included in the resulting list. If this parameter is omitted, all pages are listed. If the prefix is specified, a second argument of value hideprefix can be given as well, in order to remove that prefix from the output.

Alternate format and depth named parameters can be specified:

• format=compact: The pages are displayed as comma-separated links.
• format=group: The list of pages will be structured in groups according to common prefix. This format also supports a min=n argument, where n is the minimal number of pages for a group.
• format=hierarchy: The list of pages will be structured according to the page name path hierarchy. This format also supports a min=n argument, where higher n flatten the display hierarchy
• depth=n: limit the depth of the pages to list. If set to 0, only toplevel pages will be shown, if set to 1, only immediate children pages will be shown, etc. If not set, or set to -1, all pages in the hierarchy will be shown.
• include=page1:page*2: include only pages that match an item in the colon-separated list of pages. If the list is empty, or if no include argument is given, include all pages.
• exclude=page1:page*2: exclude pages that match an item in the colon- separated list of pages.

The include and exclude lists accept shell-style patterns.

[[TracAdminHelp]]

Display help for trac-admin commands.

Examples:

[[TracAdminHelp]]               # all commands
[[TracAdminHelp(wiki)]]         # all wiki commands
[[TracAdminHelp(wiki export)]]  # the "wiki export" command
[[TracAdminHelp(upgrade)]]      # the upgrade command

[[TracGuideToc]]

Display a table of content for the Trac guide.

This macro shows a quick and dirty way to make a table-of-contents for the Help/Guide. The table of contents will contain the Trac* and WikiFormatting pages, and can't be customized. See the ​TocMacro for a more customizable table of contents.

[[TracIni]]

Produce documentation for the Trac configuration file.

Typically, this will be used in the TracIni page. Optional arguments are a configuration section filter, and a configuration option name filter: only the configuration options whose section and name start with the filters are output.

[[UserQuery]]

Wiki macro listing users that match certain criteria.

This macro accepts a comma-separated list of keyed parameters, in the form "key=value". Valid keys:

• perm -- show only that users, a permission action given by value has been granted to
• locked -- retrieve users, who's account has/has not been locked depending on boolean value
• format -- output style: 'count', 'list' or comma-separated values (default)
• nomatch -- replacement wiki markup that is displayed, if there's no match and output style isn't 'count' either

'count' is also recognized without prepended key name. Other non-keyed parameters are:

• locked -- alias for 'locked=True'
• visit -- show a list of accounts with last-login information, only available in table format
• name -- forces replacement of maching username with their corresponding full names, if available; adds a full names column if combined with 'visit'
• email -- append email address to usernames, if available

Requires USER_VIEW permission for output in any format other then 'count'. A misc placeholder with this statement is presented to unprivileged users.

[[protected-green]]

Aliases: [[protected]] [[protected-red]] [[protected-blue]]

A Trac macro to limit access to parts of a trac page.

Macros from around the world

The ​Trac Hacks site provides a wide collection of macros and other Trac plugins contributed by the Trac community. If you're looking for new macros, or have written one that you'd like to share with the world, please don't hesitate to visit that site.

Developing Custom Macros

Macros, like Trac itself, are written in the ​Python programming language.

For more information about developing macros, see the ​development resources on the main project site.

Implementation

Here are 2 simple examples showing how to create a Macro with Trac 0.11.

Also, have a look at ​Timestamp.py for an example that shows the difference between old style and new style macros and at the ​macros/README which provides a little more insight about the transition.

Macro without arguments

It should be saved as TimeStamp.py (in the TracEnvironment's plugins/ directory) as Trac will use the module name as the Macro name.

from datetime import datetime
# Note: since Trac 0.11, datetime objects are used internally

from genshi.builder import tag

from trac.util.datefmt import format_datetime, utc
from trac.wiki.macros import WikiMacroBase

class TimeStampMacro(WikiMacroBase):
    """Inserts the current time (in seconds) into the wiki page."""

    revision = "$Rev$"
    url = "$URL$"

    def expand_macro(self, formatter, name, args):
        t = datetime.now(utc)
        return tag.b(format_datetime(t, '%c'))

Macro with arguments

It should be saved as HelloWorld.py (in the TracEnvironment's plugins/ directory) as Trac will use the module name as the Macro name.

from trac.wiki.macros import WikiMacroBase

class HelloWorldMacro(WikiMacroBase):
    """Simple HelloWorld macro.

    Note that the name of the class is meaningful:
     - it must end with "Macro"
     - what comes before "Macro" ends up being the macro name

    The documentation of the class (i.e. what you're reading)
    will become the documentation of the macro, as shown by
    the !MacroList macro (usually used in the WikiMacros page).
    """

    revision = "$Rev$"
    url = "$URL$"

    def expand_macro(self, formatter, name, args):
        """Return some output that will be displayed in the Wiki content.

        `name` is the actual name of the macro (no surprise, here it'll be
        `'HelloWorld'`),
        `args` is the text enclosed in parenthesis at the call of the macro.
          Note that if there are ''no'' parenthesis (like in, e.g.
          [[HelloWorld]]), then `args` is `None`.
        """
        return 'Hello World, args = ' + unicode(args)
    
    # Note that there's no need to HTML escape the returned data,
    # as the template engine (Genshi) will do it for us.

expand_macro details

expand_macro should return either a simple Python string which will be interpreted as HTML, or preferably a Markup object (use from trac.util.html import Markup). Markup(string) just annotates the string so the renderer will render the HTML string as-is with no escaping. You will also need to import Formatter using from trac.wiki import Formatter.

If your macro creates wiki markup instead of HTML, you can convert it to HTML like this:

  text = "whatever wiki markup you want, even containing other macros"
  # Convert Wiki markup to HTML, new style
  out = StringIO()
  Formatter(self.env, formatter.context).format(text, out)
  return Markup(out.getvalue())